Mfundo ndondomeko ndi makhalidwe a pulasitiki thermoforming

Kuumba ndi njira yopangira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma polima (ufa, ma pellets, mayankho kapena dispersions) kukhala zinthu zomwe mukufuna. Ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zonse za pulasitiki ndikupangira zida zonse za polima kapena mbiri. Njira yoyenera.pulasitiki akamaumba njira monga extrusion akamaumba, jekeseni akamaumba, psinjika akamaumba, kusamutsa akamaumba, laminate akamaumba, kuwomba akamaumba, kalendala akamaumba, thovu akamaumba, thermoforming ndi njira zina zambiri, onse amene ali kusinthasintha awo.

Thermoforming ndi njira yopangira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala a thermoplastic ngati zida zopangira, zomwe zitha kupangidwa ndi pulasitiki yachiwiri. Choyamba, pepala lodulidwa mu kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe amaikidwa pa chimango cha nkhungu, ndikutenthedwa mpaka pamtunda wapamwamba pakati pa Tg-Tf, pepalalo limatambasulidwa pamene likutenthedwa, ndiyeno kukakamizidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti likhale loyandikira. kwa nkhungu Maonekedwe a pamwamba amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe, ndipo mankhwalawa amatha kupezeka pambuyo pozizira, kuumba ndi kudula.Pa thermoforming, kupanikizika komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumatengera kusiyana kwa kuthamanga komwe kumapangidwa ndi vacuuming ndi kuyambitsa mpweya woponderezedwa mbali zonse za pepala, komanso pogwiritsa ntchito makina ndi kuthamanga kwa hydraulic.

Makhalidwe a thermoforming ndikuti kuthamanga kwa kupanga kumakhala kochepa, ndipo njira ya thermoforming ili motere:

bolodi (mapepala) zinthu → kutsekereza → kutenthetsa → kukanikiza → kuziziritsa → kuumba → zomalizidwa pang'ono → kuziziritsa → kudula. Thermoforming wa mankhwala omalizidwa ndi osiyana ndi nthawi imodzi processing luso monga jekeseni akamaumba ndi extrusion. Si wa pulasitiki utomoni kapena pellets kutenthetsa akamaumba kapena mosalekeza akamaumba ndi chimodzimodzi mtanda gawo kudzera kufa; komanso sikugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina, zida ndi njira zina zopangira makina kuti azidula mbali ya pulasitiki. Kenako, kupeza chofunika mawonekedwe ndi kukula, koma pulasitiki bolodi (tsamba) zakuthupi, Kutentha, ntchito nkhungu, vakuyumu kapena kukakamizidwa kupundutsa bolodi (mapepala) zakuthupi. Fikirani mawonekedwe ndi kukula kofunikira, mothandizidwa ndi njira zothandizira, kuti mukwaniritse cholinga chofunsira.

Ukadaulo wa thermoforming umapangidwa potengera njira yopangira pepala lachitsulo. Ngakhale kuti nthawi yake yachitukuko siitali, koma liwiro la processing liri mofulumira, mlingo wa automation ndi wokwera, nkhungu ndi yotchipa komanso yosavuta kusintha, ndipo kusinthasintha kumakhala kolimba. Itha kupanga zinthu zazikulu ngati zida za ndege ndi magalimoto, zazing'ono ngati makapu akumwa. Zotsala ndizosavuta kuzikonzanso. Itha kupanga mapepala owonda ngati 0.10mm wandiweyani. Mapepalawa amatha kukhala owonekera kapena opaque, crystalline kapena amorphous. Zitsanzo zimatha kusindikizidwa papepala poyamba, kapena zojambula zokhala ndi mitundu yowala zimatha kusindikizidwa mutatha kuumba.

M'zaka zapitazi za 30 mpaka 40, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zida za thermoplastic (mapepala) monga zopangira, kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa zida zopangira thermoforming, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri, ukadaulo wa thermoforming wapangidwa Ndi chitukuko chofulumira, ukadaulo wake. ndipo zida zikuchulukirachulukira. Poyerekeza ndi jekeseni wa jekeseni, thermoforming ili ndi ubwino wopanga bwino kwambiri, njira yosavuta, ndalama zochepetsera zida, komanso luso lopanga zinthu zokhala ndi malo akuluakulu. Komabe, mtengo wa zipangizo za thermoforming ndizokwera, ndipo pali njira zambiri zopangira zinthu. Ndi mosalekeza chitukuko cha luso kupanga ndi kufunika kuonjezera phindu zachuma, zida thermoforming pang'onopang'ono anachotsa kale monga palokha pulasitiki bolodi (mapepala) zinthu akamaumba dongosolo, ndipo wayamba kuphatikiza ndi zipangizo zina kupanga kukumana zikuchokera Mzere wathunthu wopanga pazosowa zinazake, potero kupititsa patsogolo luso la kupanga ndikuchepetsa mtengo wopangira chomaliza.

Thermoforming ndizoyenera makamaka kupanga zinthu zokhala ndi makoma owonda komanso malo akuluakulu. Mitundu ya pulasitiki yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi polystyrene, plexiglass, polyvinyl chloride, abs, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polycarbonate ndi polyethylene terephthalate.